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(S)-butyl 2-hydroxybutanoate; CAS No.: 132513-51-0; (S)-butyl 2-hydroxybutanoate. PROPERTIES: This chiral hydroxy-substituted butanoate features molecular formula C?H??O? with molecular weight 160.21 g/mol. It typically exists as a colorless liquid. Soluble in polar aprotic solvents like ethyl acetate and dichloromethane. Boiling point approximately 130-135 C. Exhibits IR absorption for ester (~1750 cm??) and hydroxyl groups (~3300 cm??). Thermogravimetric analysis indicates decomposition above 180 C under nitrogen. For optimal stability, (S)-butyl 2-hydroxybutanoate should be stored at 2-8 C in tightly sealed amber glass containers, protected from moisture and prolonged light exposure. As with hydroxy esters, it may cause moderate skin irritation and serious eye damage; therefore, standard laboratory safety precautions including nitrile gloves, safety goggles, and proper ventilation are recommended during handling. APPLICATIONS: As a chiral hydroxy ester, (S)-butyl 2-hydroxybutanoate is predominantly utilized in the synthesis of pharmaceutical intermediates. It serves as a key building block for constructing beta blockers, where the hydroxyl group forms hydrogen bonds with target proteins and the ester group provides valuable solubility properties (Journal of Medicinal Chemistry). Additionally, the compound participates in the synthesis of fluorescent probes for bioimaging applications, where its hydroxyl functionality enables conjugation to biomolecules via oxime formation (Bioconjugate Chemistry). In materials science, it functions as a monomer for preparing polyhydroxy acid polymers with enhanced biocompatibility and controlled degradation rates (Biomacromolecules). Furthermore, the compound serves as a starting material in the development of hydroxy ester-based plasticizers for polymer applications requiring specific flexibility and thermal properties (Polymer Chemistry).