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CAS No.: 3326-35-0; 5-Nitrofluorescein. PROPERTIES: 5-Nitrofluorescein is a fluorescent dye with molecular formula C20H10N2O6 and molar mass 370.3 g/mol. It appears as orange-red crystalline powder with characteristic absorption at ~490 nm and emission at ~520 nm. The compound is sensitive to photobleaching and base-catalyzed hydrolysis, requiring storage at -20 C in amber glass vials under nitrogen. Solubility is enhanced in polar aprotic solvents, achieving up to 20 mg/mL in DMF. Safety considerations include using acid-resistant gloves and eye protection due to potential skin and eye irritation. APPLICATIONS: In fluorescence imaging, 5-Nitrofluorescein serves as a pH-sensitive dye for intracellular environment visualization, as described in Cytometry method development articles. For bioconjugation applications, it enables site-specific labeling of antibodies and enzymes, with Bioconjugate Chemistry publications detailing its use in creating immunofluorescence reagents. In environmental analysis, the dye detects trace amounts of explosives through characteristic fluorescence quenching, as reported in Analytical Chemistry sensor development studies. Additionally, researchers utilize 5-Nitrofluorescein in studying protein-ligand interactions, with Journal of Fluorescence articles outlining its application in displacement assays to measure binding affinities.